What is a central heating pump?

Central heating pumps are the heart of any heating system. They distribute heated water around the heating system according, often having the flow diverted by a 2 port or 3 port valve. Often found in the airing cupboard, or inside the boiler casing itself, the central heating pump is a vital component in the heating system.

How does a central heating pump work?

All pumps use the basic principle of a centrifuge. A spinning impellor (the wiring slight noise you hear when the pump is running) has water introduced into the centre of it. The water is thrown outwards by the impellor and channelled using the special design of the pump housing up the outlet of the pump and off around the system. This constant cycle is what creates a constant flow of heated water to the components in your house – be it a radiator or the hot water tank.

Above is a brief video on how to change a central heating pump (that had been fitted incorrectly) if yours has failed.

All pumps have one direction. This is denoted by an arrow on the body of the pump showing the flow direction.

Central heating pumps have different ratings according to the size of system. A standard 10 radiator house will have a reliable pump installed like the Wilo Yonus Pico. A larger property or commercial installation will naturally have a larger pump to make sure all the components are served with an adequate flow of hot water whenever it is required.

Below is a basic schematic drawing of how a central heating pump sits within a heating system. Please note that the pump can also be installed on the common return.